A SYSML-BASED MODEL-BASED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING APPROACH FOR MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) has become an important approach for developing software-intensive manufacturing automation systems. This study examines the application of Systems Modeling Language (SysML) as a model-based framework to support the design, development, and validation of manufacturing automation software. SysML provides a standardized and visual modeling environment that enhances system specification, requirements traceability, and communication among multidisciplinary stakeholders. As a result, SysML-based MBSE has gained increasing attention as an effective methodology for managing the complexity of modern industrial systems and supporting digital transformation initiatives within Industry 4.0 environments (Estefan, 2021; Friedenthal et al., 2022; Holt & Perry, 2023; Vogel-Heuser et al., 2023). Through a systematic literature review and modeling analysis, the study identifies key benefits of SysML-based MBSE, including improved system traceability, modular architecture design, better integration of hardware and software components, and more effective verification and validation processes. The findings indicate that MBSE supported by SysML contributes to the development of reliable, scalable, and maintainable automation systems while supporting the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as Digital Twins and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Furthermore, recent studies highlight that the integration of MBSE with emerging digital technologies improves interoperability, engineering efficiency, and lifecycle management across manufacturing environments (Lee et al., 2022; Tao et al., 2022; Ghosh et al., 2023; Korotkin et al., 2024; Borky & Bradley, 2025; Zhang et al., 2026).